Effective and economic processing of high viscous oil and oil residues needs not only improvements of the existing methods, such as thermal, catalytic and hydro-cracking, but the development of new technological approaches for upgrading and refining of any type of problem oil feedstock. Heavy oil processing by conventional methods is difficult and requires high power inputs and capital investments. One of the main constraints is very high expenses for the existing technologies of heavy oil recovery, upgrading, transportation, and refining. Although the world reserves of heavy oil are much greater than those of sweet light oils, their exploration at present is less than 12Â % of the total oil recovery. Upgrading and Refining of Crude Oils and Petroleum Products by Ionizing Irradiation.Ī general trend in the oil industry is a decrease in the proven reserves of light crude oils so that any increase in future oil exploration is associated with high-viscous sulfuric oils and bitumen.
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